《2025世界肥胖地圖》預測表明，到2030年，全球將有近30億成人（約占成年人口的50%）處于高BMI狀態(tài)。其中，17%的男性和22%的女性將達到肥胖水平。為了幫民眾甩掉“甜蜜的負擔”，各國腦洞大開，快來看看都有哪些大招？
英國：菜單標注卡路里
英國要求員工數(shù)量在250人以上的餐飲店強制執(zhí)行在菜單上標注卡路里，禁止高脂、高糖、高鹽食品和飲料“買一送一”。來自英、美、加等國家的研究表明，菜單上的卡路里標簽會導致顧客點餐時平均減少大約47千卡的熱量，而商家則會把他們餐食中的平均卡路里含量減少15千卡。
希臘：學校免費營養(yǎng)餐“狙擊”小胖墩
希臘慈善機構為全國條件最差的學校提供免費營養(yǎng)餐，該計劃平均每年使兒童肥胖率降低40%，超重率降低1/3。這項倡議已為全國800所學校大約12萬名學生免費提供了超過1700萬份食品，世衛(wèi)組織稱這是鼓勵在兒童和青少年時期形成良好飲食習慣的一個值得推廣的典型。
阿聯(lián)酋迪拜：減1公斤=賺1克黃金
最壕減肥激勵！生活水平已經(jīng)脫離地球平均水平的迪拜，在控制肥胖率這方面也十分簡單粗暴。阿聯(lián)酋迪拜曾推出“減肥換黃金”活動，參與者減重超2公斤即可兌換黃金，每減重1公斤即可獲得1克黃金。
日本：腰圍超標別想上班！
日本是第一個為控制肥胖率而立法的國家。日本政府早在2008年就實施法令，對企業(yè)員工腰圍設限，立法規(guī)定40歲以上男性腰圍≤85cm、女性≤90cm。腰圍超標者必須去檢查血壓、血糖、血脂，若其中一項不合格，必須在3個月內(nèi)自行減肥。如果減肥失敗，必須接受飲食控制教育；而若6個月后仍然超重，則要接受再教育或自行離職。
新西蘭：拒絕“胖移民”
在新西蘭，肥胖是申請簽證的一道門檻。南非一女子就曾因“太胖”被新西蘭移民局拒簽，移民官給出的理由是，她的BMI太高，體重超重，有比較高的健康風險，這會給新西蘭政府資助的醫(yī)療保健系統(tǒng)帶來很大的壓力。好在她減肥成功，終獲定居許可。
印度：全民瑜伽對抗肥胖
總理莫迪親自推廣瑜伽運動，以全民瑜伽的熱潮，積極應對日益嚴峻的肥胖問題。莫迪可謂是瑜伽的“首席推銷員”，2024年，正是他的積極推動，聯(lián)合國將6月21日定為國際瑜伽日。
從"黃金誘惑"到"腰圍立法"，在這場關乎人類健康的持久戰(zhàn)中，中國也展現(xiàn)出本土化解決方案。山東省創(chuàng)新開展的“一評二控三減四健”（“一評”：健康評估，“二控”：控煙、控酒，“三減”：減鹽、減油、減糖，“四健”：健康心理、健康體重、健康口腔、健康骨骼）全民健康生活方式行動中，開展形式多樣的健康體重管理知識普及和干預活動，全省累計開展各類活動九千余次，參與總人數(shù)99.5萬人，覆蓋人口791.2萬人。
減重是餐盤里的一勺鹽、手機上的一萬步，是無數(shù)個體與脂肪的無聲博弈；減重也是政策文件里的醫(yī)保目錄、城市規(guī)劃中的步行綠道，是文明社會對健康生態(tài)的系統(tǒng)重塑。減重看似是個人生活中的 “小事”，實則是關系全球公共衛(wèi)生安全的“大事”。每一次科學減重，都是對自身健康的負責，更是為降低社會醫(yī)療負擔、提升整體人口素質添磚加瓦。對抗肥胖沒有單一解藥，每個有效干預都是構建全民健康的關鍵拼圖。
According to the "2025 World Obesity Atlas" prediction, by 2030, nearly 3 billion adults (about 50% of the world's adult population) will have a high BMI. Among them, 17% of men and 22% of women will be obese. To help people shed pounds,countries have come up with various strategies. Let's take a look!
United Kingdom: Calorie Labeling on Menus
The UK mandates that restaurants with over 250 employees display calorie information on their menus and prohibits "buy one, get one free" offers for high-fat, high-sugar, and high-salt foods and beverages. Studies from the UK, the US, Canada, and other countries show that calorie labels on menus lead customers to order meals with an average of about 47 fewer kilocalories, while businesses reduce the average calorie content of their meals by 15 kilocalories.
Greece: Free Nutritious School Meals to Tackle Childhood Obesity
Greek charitable organizations provide free nutritious meals to the most disadvantaged schools nationwide. This initiative has, on average, reduced the childhood obesity rate by 40% and the overweight rate by one-third annually. This initiative has provided more than 17 million servings of food for free to around 120,000 students in 800 schools nationwide. The World Health Organization (WHO) has called it a model worth promoting to encourage the development of good eating habits during childhood and adolescence.
Dubai,United Arab Emirates: Lose 1 Kg, Get 1 Gram of Gold
The most generous weight-loss incentive! Dubai, whose living standards have far surpassed the global average, has also adopted rather straightforward measures in controlling its obesity rate. Dubai once offered a "weight loss for gold" campaign. Participants who lost over 2 kg could exchange it for gold, getting 1 gram of gold for every kilogram lost.
Japan: No Overweight Employees Allowed
Japan was the first country to legislate against obesity. Since 2008, Japanese law has set waist size limits for employees: 85cm for men over 40 and 90cm for women over 40. Those who exceed these limits may be asked to "go home and lose weight," or their companies may face fines. Those with oversized waists must undergo checks for blood pressure, blood sugar, and blood lipids. If any of these indicators fails to meet the standard, they must lose weight on their own within three months. Individuals who fail to meet weight loss targets must receive education on dietary control. If they remain overweight after six months, they must either receive further education or resign voluntarily.
New Zealand: Obese Applicants Face Visa Rejection
In New Zealand, obesity can be a barrier to visa applications. A woman from South Africa was once denied a visa by New Zealand's immigration authorities due to her weight. The officer cited her high BMI and overweight status as posing a significant health risk, which would place considerable strain on New Zealand's government-funded healthcare system. But she eventually received permission to settle after successfully losing weight.
India: Yoga for All to Combat Obesity
Prime Minister Modi has personally promoted the yoga movement, using the nationwide yoga craze to actively address the increasingly serious problem of obesity. Modi can be described as the "Chief Marketing Officer" of yoga. In 2024, it was his active advocacy that led the United Nations to designate June 21st as the International Day of Yoga.
From "gold temptation" to "waistline legislation," in this global protracted battle concerning human health, China has also demonstrated localized solutions. Shandong Province has innovatively launched the "One Evaluation (health assessment), Two Controls (tobacco control and alcohol control), Three Reductions (salt reduction, oil reduction, and sugar reduction), Four Healthy Goals (healthy mind, healthy weight, healthy mouth, and healthy bones)" public health lifestyle campaign, which includes a variety of activities for popularizing and intervening in healthy weight management knowledge. The province has cumulatively conducted over 9,000 such activities, with a total participation of 995,000 people and a coverage of 7.912 million people.
Weight loss is a spoonful of salt in a meal, a record of 10,000-steps on a smartphone, and the silent battle between countless individuals and fat. Weight loss is also the medical insurance catalog in policy documents, the walking greenways in urban planning, and the systematic reshaping of a healthy ecosystem by a civilized society. Weight loss, which may seem like a "minor issue" in personal life, is in fact a "major issue" related to global public health security. Every scientific weight - loss attempt is a responsible act for personal health. It also contributes to reducing social medical burdens and improving overall population health quality. There is no single cure for obesity; each effective intervention is a key piece in building public health for all.
?。ㄋ夭膩碓矗捍蟊娙請蟆⒖枷?、環(huán)球網(wǎng)等）
看臺&無限工作室聯(lián)合出品
策劃：魏鵬 辛然
統(tǒng)籌：馬洪震 武瑋佳
文案：沙斯媛 馬洪震
翻譯：武瑋佳
設計：陳艷嬌
本文鏈接：http://m.enbeike.cn/news-4-7688-0.html減重這件小事③丨為了全民減肥，各國都放了什么大招？
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